Academic dress - Wikipedia. Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have been admitted to a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e. Today, the ensembles are distinctive in some way to each institution, and generally consist of a gown (also known as a robe) with a separate hood, and usually a cap (generally either a square academic cap, a tam, or a bonnet). Academic dress is also worn by members of certain learned societies and institutions as official dress. Some older universities, particularly Oxford and Cambridge, have a prescribed set of dress (known as subfusc) to be worn under the gown. Though some universities are relaxed about what people wear under their gowns, it is nevertheless considered bad form to be in casual wear or the like during graduation ceremonies, and a number of universities may bar finishing students from joining the procession or the ceremony itself if not appropriately dressed.
In the Commonwealth, gowns are worn open, while in the United States, it has become common for gowns to close at the front, as did the original roba. Materials. In either case, the American Council of Education (ACE) allows for the comfort of the wearer, and concedes that lighter materials be used in tropical climates, and heavier materials elsewhere. In the United States, most Bachelor and master's degree candidates are often only presented the . For some doctoral graduates, commencement will be the only time they wear academic regalia, and so they rent their gowns instead of buying them.
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These rented (or hired). In Britain, rented gowns are almost always polyester while Russell cord, silk, or artificial silk gowns are only available when bought. Undergraduate gowns are usually made from cotton or cotton and polyester mix and are relatively inexpensive to encourage students to own them. People who choose to buy their dress may opt for finer fabrics, such as poplin, grosgrain, percale, cotton, wool, cassimere, broadcloth, Russell cord, or corded/ribbed material. For silk, there are a range of types including artificial silk/rayon, Ottoman (i. Pure Ottoman silk is rarely used except for official gowns, as it is very expensive.
In the past, sheepskin was widely used. Most now use imitation fur, instead, mainly because of cost and animal rights concerns.
Some robe makers use fur if the customer requests and pays for it, as some feel that the quality and feel of artificial fur has yet to match that of real fur. They tend to be the most expensive because they must be dyed in a specific colour and/or be trimmed in coloured silks. Many doctoral gowns have a special undress version so adding to the cost of a full set.
A full set may cost about US$3. As such, suppliers of academic dress produce gowns in many different sizes to fit persons of different heights. Academic dress by country. Academic regalia typically consist of a headgear (mortarboard, Tudor bonnet, or John Knox cap), robe, and hood. Until the 1. 93. 0s, Canadian universities customarily prescribed academic robes for its professors and students at classes and lectures.
At the University of Trinity College at the University of Toronto, academic gowns are still required for all students and faculty at weekday dinners, most college meetings, debates, and certain special college events. A classic example is the academic dress of Mc.
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Gill University, whose British origins are evident in the regalia of its degree holders. Dvd Movie Sidemen Long Road To Glory (2017). The distinctive ceremonial regalia of Mc. Gill University officials, though, are closer to the American pattern for the master's robe with above- the- elbow, square, slit- cut sleeves. The scarlet, doctor of philosophy (Ph. D.) regalia of Mc. Gill can now be worn closed- front, unlike the open- front only gown of the University of Cambridge higher doctoral full dress, from which it evolved. Gold strand tassels used in American doctoral regalia are wrapped around Mc.
Gill's otherwise Tudor- style bonnet or tam. It is nowadays little worn, except by doctors during the opening of the university year or the ceremony for a doctorate honoris causa. For doctors, it consists of: A long gown (a bit similar to a cassock) with a long row of buttons (traditionally, 3. The gown is in two colours: black and the standard colour of the academic field in which the wearer graduated (see below), with simarras (two vertical bands in the front of the gown).
An . The epitoga has evolved from the academic hood, which explains why the French academic dress does not include a hood. A long, wide belt or sash, either black or of the colour of the relevant academic field, ended by fringes (which may be golden or of the same colour as the belt), and attached with a broad, ornamental knot. A white rabat (jabot), over which a white tie may be worn for ceremonial occasions: It is made of lace for the Dean of the Faculty, the President of the University, and a few other officials, of plain cotton for others. Only for men, a mortarboard of the colour of the relevant academic field with a golden stripe, which is usually not worn but carried (since the academic dress in France is rarely worn outdoors, and men are not supposed to wear hats indoors), and often even omitted. In principle, white bow tie and white gloves.
Professors who served 2. French police commissars). The colours of the various academic fields are daffodil (yellow) for literature and arts, amaranth (purplish red) for science, redcurrant (reddish pink) for medicine, scarlet red for law, and violet (purple) for theology. University rectors, chancellors or presidents wear also specific costumes, which are violet regardless of the academic field in which they graduated. Field of graduation.
Colour name. Colour aspect. Star Wars 7 (2015) Theater Movie. Divinity (and all high officials regardless of the field)Violet (Purple, specifically the Royal Purple shade)Law (colour also worn by high magistrates).
Both are identical in form, and differ only in the presence or absence of the mortarboard and the repartition of colours on the gown and sash (the other elements of the dress, especially the epitoga, being identical for both): for the petit costume, the gown is all black, except the simarras which are of the colour of the academic field; the buttons are black; the sash and its fringes moir. Nowadays, if in use at all, it is only found at special occasions, such as public processions, inaugurations of rectors, and graduation ceremonies. Historically, only the rectors, deans, professors, and lecturers wore academic dress—not students or graduates. Each German university had its own system of colours and drapings to signify faculty membership and position in the university hierarchy. The gown of the German academic dress is called . It can be traced back to the every day clothes of the scholars in the Middle Ages. The same word Talar is also used for the robes of Protestant (Lutheran) pastors and rabbis (not for judges or lawyers, their gowns are called .
Rectors typically have a distinguished, more elaborate Talar, e. As is the case with the Talar, which type of cap is used varies by university as well. Historically, caps made of soft materials rather than the square academic cap are common. The colour of the Barett matches the Talar. After East Germany began to dissolve in 1.
University of Rostock. Some traditional universities in West German states have since followed, such as University of Heidelberg. At most other universities, faculties are responsible for organizing graduation ceremonies individually. Some faculties have decided for wearing academic dress at their ceremonies as well, e. Faculty of Law at University of Marburg. Other items are also worn during graduation ceremony such as medallion, tippet or academic stole but in general there are 4 elements in Indonesian academic regalia: Gown.